El ingenioso hidalgo don Quijote de la Mancha, 10

Por Miguel de Cervantes y Stephen Gilman

El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha por Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, décimo tomo. Este libro contiene los capítulos XLVII al LII de la primera parte y un prólogo de Stephen Gilman

• Idioma: Español
• Editorial: Fondo de Cultura Económica
• Fecha de lanzamiento: 23 ene 2018
• ISBN: 9786071652980

Miguel de Cervantes

Miguel de Cervantes (1547-1616) was a Spanish writer whose work included plays, poetry, short stories, and novels. Although much of the details of his life are a mystery, his experiences as both a soldier and as a slave in captivity are well documented; these events served as subject matter for his best-known work, Don Quixote (1605) as well as many of his short stories. Although Cervantes reached a degree of literary fame during his lifetime, he never became financially prosperous; yet his work is considered among the most influential in the development of world literature.

Vista previa del libro

MIGUEL DE CERVANTES SAAVEDRA

El ingenioso hidalgo

Don Quijote de la Mancha

10

FONDO DE CULTURA ECONÓMICA

Primera edición FONDO 2000, 1999

Primera edición electrónica, 2017

Contiene los capítulos XLVII al LII de la primera parte de El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha. Prólogo de Stephen Gilman, tomado de Invención, La novela según Cervantes, FCE, México, 1993.

D. R. © 1999, Fondo de Cultura Económica

Carretera Picacho-Ajusco, 227; 14738 Ciudad de México

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Se prohíbe la reproducción total o parcial de esta obra, sea cual fuere el medio. Todos los contenidos que se incluyen tales como características tipográficas y de diagramación, textos, gráficos, logotipos, iconos, imágenes, etc. son propiedad exclusiva del Fondo de Cultura Económica y están protegidos por las leyes mexicana e internacionales del copyright o derecho de autor.

ISBN 978-607-16-5298-0 (ePub)

ISBN 978-607-16-5288-1 (ePub, Obra completa)

Hecho en México - Made in Mexico

Cuando nosotros compadecemos a Don Quijote, recapacitamos sobre nuestros propios contratiempos; y cuando nos reímos de él reconocemos, puesta la mano sobre el corazón, que no es más ridículo que nosotros mismos, con la sola diferencia de que él dice lo que nosotros sólo pensamos.

SAMUEL JOHNSON (1750)

ÍNDICE

PRÓLOGO. Stephen Gilman.

CAP. XLVII.—Del extraño modo con que fue encantado Don Quijote de la Mancha, con otros famoso sucesos.

CAP. XLVIII.—Donde prosigue el Canónigo la materia de los libros de caballerías, con otras cosas dignas de su ingenio.

CAP. XLIX.—Donde se trata del discreto coloquio que Sancho Panza tuvo con su señor Don Quijote.

CAP. L.—De las discretas alteraciones que Don Quijote y el Canónigo tuvieron, con otros sucesos.

CAP. LI.—Que trata de lo que contó el Cabrero a todos los que llevaban a Don Quijote.

CAP. LII.—De la pendencia que Don Quijote tuvo con el Cabrero, con la rara aventura de los disciplinantes a quien dio felice fin a costa de su sudor.

Plan de la obra.

PRÓLOGO

STEPHEN GILMAN

Con el fin de entender el contexto en que Cervantes destaca su propia inventiva, así como la importancia de la invención, debemos, una vez más, detenernos por un momento y contemplar las circunstancias históricas y literarias del siglo en que nació. Desde nuestra privilegiada perspectiva de fines del siglo XX, la contribución de la pedante poética renacentista a la construcción de una narrativa nueva y peculiar, la cual, a su vez, inventaría un género mayor de la literatura contemporánea, constituye un misterio que debe ser esclarecido con profusión. Comencemos por remontarnos unos cincuenta años antes del nacimiento de Cervantes en 1547, y tratemos de entender la ebullición —casi incomprensible— de España en aquellas décadas decisivas que cierran el siglo XV e inician el XVI. Empezando con la unión de Castilla y Aragón, bajo los reinados de Fernando e Isabel y con el establecimiento de la Inquisición, fue ésta una época de cambio en todos los aspectos de la vida pública y privada. Aun los baños públicos fueron clausurados de una vez por todas. Sólo en el año de 1492 (un annus mirabilis, si alguna vez lo hubo), además del descubrimiento del 12 de octubre, cayó Granada, terminando con el último bastión moro de la península; los judíos fueron expulsados; se representó la primera obra teatral en castellano; apareció la primera gramática de una lengua moderna; se escribió, por primera vez, un libro de ficción con la clara intención de publicarlo. Todo parecía comenzar al mismo tiempo.

Aunque la ola de cambios políticos y sociales que acompañaron los reinados de los monarcas Católicos y de Carlos V ocupaba la atención de la mayoría, el súbito aumento de la extensión del mundo conocido —¡al doble o al triple!— representaba un desafío más duradero y profundo para la conciencia. Y uno de los síntomas más peculiares de estos cambios fue el regreso de la idea de invención a sus orígenes etimológicos anteriores a la idea del foro. De esta manera, por ejemplo, en 1512 un cronista habla de la invención e conquista de las Indias que ahora de Portugal llamamos. En otras palabras, Cervantes nació en una época en que la invención y el ingenio alcanzaban un nuevo prestigio, cuando los hombres que sabían cómo llegar o descubrir lo que buscaban (o aun las maravillas que ni siquiera imaginaban) eran justamente célebres.

Más familiar a nuestros oídos que la invención de las Indias (ya que habitualmente se cree que no se puede inventar lo que ya existe) fue la comparable redefinición de la palabra en el contexto del descubrimiento literario y de la innovación. En el año en que Colón descubrió San Salvador, Juan del Encina acometía la misma empresa en el teatro, mientras Diego de San Pedro lo intentaba con un best-seller de ficción. Es posible que en el mismo año, el autor anónimo del Primer Acto de La Celestina descubriera cómo emplear las convenciones retóricas y las frases comunes del estoicismo como topika con el fin de explorar la temporalidad de la conciencia en el diálogo, invento que perfeccionaría Fernando de Rojas en 1497. Y éste era sólo el comienzo. La literatura del siglo siguiente (al igual que la producción de la revolución industrial inglesa) fue un antecendente de absoluta mutabilidad: romances de caballería, romances pastoriles y picarescos; adopción del verso endecasílabo italiano; estrofas nunca antes empleadas; un teatro nacional único; y al final de este Siglo de Oro, una diversidad de géneros literarios personales tales como Los sueños de Quevedo; las Soledades de Góngora, y las peculiares narraciones en prosa de Cervantes y Gracián. Un nuevo mundo geográfico y otro poético recuperaban, cada uno a su manera, el sentido etimológico de la palabra inventar, y le otorgaban un nuevo significado. Los poetas creaban y los exploradores descubrían con el mismo verbo.

La comparación entre el cúmulo de cambios literarios en castellano que comenzaron en los años de 1490 (y que continuaron hasta la muerte de Calderón, dos siglos después) y la Revolución Industrial puede parecer forzada, pero fue justificada al pie de la letra por los críticos de la época. Por

Comentarios para El ingenioso hidalgo don Quijote de la Mancha, 10

[ritabk1966 · Calificación: 5 de 5 estrellas]

BRILLIANT. I went to see the windmills in Spain after I read the book and stayed in Cervantes place of birth for a month. The Spanish are very proud of Cervantes. Spanish children know quite a lot about this author and book and can critique the novel's concepts in an intelligent way.

[dhollis_14 · Calificación: 5 de 5 estrellas]

17th centurycervantesfictionspanish literature

[shanlizluv · Calificación: 5 de 5 estrellas]

One of my favorite stories. I never get tired of this story and this illustrated version is just lovely.

[mykl8s · Calificación: 2 de 5 estrellas]

 -I really tried to like this one -it's too deep or too old (younger than the Oddyesy) or too Spanish (Lorca is Spanish) or just boring -maybe later, maybe I need to take a class

[pickwick817 · Calificación: 3 de 5 estrellas]

I trudged through the first part of the book which focused on Don Quixote and his "adventures" without any enjoyment. I liked the second part better, but it featured other characters. I own but have not yet read Sir Thomas Malory's La Morte d'Arthur. I think a comparison of the two, having read Malory first would have been better. We'll see.

[comfypants · Calificación: 2 de 5 estrellas]

I've read the part one (of two) so far, and it doesn't seem likely that I'll bother with part two. It starts out very promising, with an unexpectedly modern sense of humor. But all the good bits (and all the famous bits) are in the first few hundred pages. Then the book just keeps going for no apparent reason, eventually devolving into a collection of novellas and short stories that have no connection to Don Quixote.

[frecked_1 · Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas]

This translation by John Rutherford is reading pleasure. Always humourous if occasionally a little uncomfortable from a modern perspective.Through the stories and the mad adventures of Don Quixote and Sancho Panza are glimpsed the history, social conditions and attitudes of the time, something missing from my school history lessons (from an English perspective).

[ljrei77 · Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas]

If you take this at face value, it is still a rather good novel. The adventures of Quixote and Sancho are quite hilarious to this day. However, looking beyond the antics of the two this story directly adresses the question of "What is the self and how is it defined?". Is Quixote mad or is he attempting to create a self that is far better than his current situation? Was he justified in forging his "self"? These are the questions that he novel raises but they can be applied to our lives as well. Were we born who we are or have we crafted it? I highly suggest that if you have not started questioning the identity of your "self" you start by reading this book.

[screwcap · Calificación: 2 de 5 estrellas]

Although I tried to like Don Quixote, it reminded me too much of the slap-stick humor of Gilbert & Sullivan or the 3 Stooges. Worth reading once to understand references found in other material, but definitely not one of my favorites.

[benuathanasia · Calificación: 3 de 5 estrellas]

ZZZzzz.This was moderately painful to get through. Never again. This is probably the one text I would have preferred abridged.

[downtownlibrarian · Calificación: 5 de 5 estrellas]

I read this back in the early seventies in my Great Books of the Western World class at UF, and I remember writing a pretty good paper about it. Sadly, I have no idea which edition or translation, but it is truly one of the great archetypal works.

[booksfordinner · Calificación: 5 de 5 estrellas]

One of the 5 greatest (or most important) novels ever written... however, the old "crazy-old-man-attacks-someone-he-thinks-is-someone-else-and-gets-his-butt-kicked-and recovers-for-a-week-then-repeat, got a bit old after 940 pages.Sancho's govenorship was probably my favorite in the whole shebang.This bad boy was read in the following places: home, work, Starbucks, Spain, France, Italy, Newark Airport (twice), my car, and probably a couple other places I'm forgetting.

[zommbie1 · Calificación: 1 de 5 estrellas]

I really didn't enjoy the book. The chapters were to short. It wasn't my sense of humour. I didn't finish it. I just couldn't. I just felt sorry for Don Quixote. He was clearly mad and Sancho was just annoying

[saraprindiville · Calificación: 5 de 5 estrellas]

Quite long, but the variety of Don Quixote exploits kept my attention. My only complaint is that most of the "interpolated" stories were love stories. I would have liked more variety. Similar to serial novels such as Tom Jones which keep the reader in suspense until the end.

[iamamro-1 · Calificación: 5 de 5 estrellas]

The first novel, and still amazingly fresh. Well worth your time.

[maggieflo_1 · Calificación: 3 de 5 estrellas]

I know this is a classic of great literature but I cannot finish it. I have read one quarter of the book and I just don't like Don Quixote. I find him to be foolish, stubborn and dangerous. Is this supposed to be a comedy???not sure but I'm giving up.

[lodgemonster_1 · Calificación: 5 de 5 estrellas]

This book remains one of the finest ever written. The characters are so real that you feel a real connection with them that spans across the centuries. Sancho Panza's unending loyalty despite Quixote's delusions makes him one of the best fictional creations ever. That such a book of such length can remain readable, humorous and enjoyable so many years later (provided you have a good translation) speaks volumes for Cervantes's genius. No praise is high enough for a masterpiece such as this.

[musecure · Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas]

I had some mixed feelings about Don Quixote. At times, I was very wrapped up in the story and found it excellent. At other times, I found it too ridiculous or slow paced and would then put the book down for months without any urge to go back to it. Cervantes, nonetheless, has moments of pure genius and my overall feeling is positive.

[lisamaria_c · Calificación: 5 de 5 estrellas]

I read it in translation, so I don't know what a difference that might make. Many parts of this are still hilarious after centuries, some scenes are moving, some magnificent. Talk about iconic? Tilting at windmills, Sancho Panza, Dulcinea del Toboso, a man made mad by reading too many books of chivalry... Its second part even pokes fun at itself--17th century metafiction! If it doesn't get the full five stars, it's because it does have stretches I found dull and pointless and meandering. Just felt at times the joke was extended far too long, with one incident after another repeating itself: Quixote goes on a rampage due to his delusions of chivalry. Victim of his outrage beats him up. Rinse. Repeat... But this is one of the earliest novels, at least in the Western tradition, and still one of the greatest and influential in the Western canon--and for good reason.

[jbd1 · Calificación: 5 de 5 estrellas]

Remains one of the best (if not the best) novel ever written.

[awasha_albadri · Calificación: 5 de 5 estrellas]

A great tale about a spanish Knight and his friend in which they embark in all sorts of fun and drama. A wonderful tale filled with imagination and laughter. A tale for children everywhere to read.

[sarah_rubyred · Calificación: 2 de 5 estrellas]

I feel I should have got more from this than I did. I will possibly try to read it again with cliff notes and put a bit more of an effort in. I liked the premise, but it just never caught my interest and I gave up at chapter 5, hardly any of the way in.

[karen.lea · Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas]

This book can be read and interpreted from so many perspectives, it's almost difficult to categorize. To call it a classic seems accurate, if unimaginative. I found myself torn when it comes to Don Quixote himself, between feeling pity for someone with such a skewed vision of the world, and being envious of that self same vision. Freedom of thought isn't a trait as much as it is a skill. As for Pancho, such unquestioned loyalty is enviable. To have such blind faith in someone, that you will always be ok if you remain with them, to fight for a cause, side by side with a friend, is indeed a noble calling, and requires a selflessness few possess. I think "insanity" is an oversimplification, and the only box these two could possibly fit within, are the covers of a book.

[jcwords_1 · Calificación: 3 de 5 estrellas]

I liked this book better the first time I read it, but maybe that was because I didn't feel quite as rushed the first time around. It's easier for a teen to find time to wade through this very long book, than it is for an adult. It's still a reasonably enjoyable read, though.

[mrslee_1 · Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas]

A nice readable version to get you ready for the original. Illustrations are by Walter Crane. I found this tale of a man pursuing life as he sees it, not as others see it, both touching and funny.

[litaudelmar · Calificación: 5 de 5 estrellas]

This is the best classic spanish book

[garypatella · Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas]

Don Quixote starts out as a man that is obsessed with the knights of the middle ages, and reads all of the stories about them. He snaps, and thinks that he himself is a great knight. Rides out, takes a squire, and has adventures.There were many funny parts, and I did enjoy reading it. However, it does get to be a bit tedious towards the end. I have no fear of reading a 1,000 page book. But those 1,000 pages should hold my interest throughout. The last 150-200 pages had me impatiently waiting to get to the end. I would recommend it, and it is worth reading. But I did struggle a bit at the end, unlike some other long works (e.g. War and Peace) that hold my interest throughout.

[gaillamontagne · Calificación: 3 de 5 estrellas]

The introduction educates the reader of this translation of Don Qixote, that it has been abridged for the modern reader. I enjoyed it, knowing I would never have tried a book like this if were not adapted for readers today. I wanted to have a taste, or feel of this classic just for the experience of it. It is well done for interest, the narrator easy to listen to and edited carefully to give you the meat of the book without unnecessary details that the original writing style included. I would recommend it if you are not a classic purist.

[benedict8-2 · Calificación: 5 de 5 estrellas]

I have listened to the whole book on Audible.com several times. I find it wonderful and worth the time.

[brose72 · Calificación: 5 de 5 estrellas]

The humorous, fanciful adventures and the insightful observations of Don Quixote and Sancho Panza are captured with such mastery of language that I am not able to name a novel ever written in which the author mixes such wit and beauty of expression. New joys and provoking thoughts encountered with every new exploit.