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Sherlock Holmes - El signo de los cuatro
Sherlock Holmes - El signo de los cuatro
Sherlock Holmes - El signo de los cuatro
Libro electrónico163 páginas4 horas

Sherlock Holmes - El signo de los cuatro

Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas

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Información de este libro electrónico

"El signo de los cuatro" es la segunda novela protagonizada por Sherlock Holmes, escrita por Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Su título también se ha traducido como "La señal de los cuatro". Se trata (junto a "Estudio en escarlata", "El sabueso de los Baskerville" y "El valle del terror") de una de las cuatro únicas novelas que Arthur Conan Doyle escribió con Holmes como protagonista, ya que el resto de sus obras acerca de este personaje son relatos cortos.

La petición de una mujer a Sherlock Holmes para acompañarla a visitar a un hombre y la muerte del hermano del mismo, lo lleva descubrir, junto al Dr. Watson, el secreto que hay tras un tesoro encontrado en la India, un juramento entre tres indios, un blanco y una enloquecedora sed de venganza.
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Fecha de lanzamiento24 ago 2015
ISBN9783738637526
Sherlock Holmes - El signo de los cuatro
Autor

Arthur Conan Doyle

Arthur Conan Doyle (1859-1930) was a Scottish author best known for his classic detective fiction, although he wrote in many other genres including dramatic work, plays, and poetry. He began writing stories while studying medicine and published his first story in 1887. His Sherlock Holmes character is one of the most popular inventions of English literature, and has inspired films, stage adaptions, and literary adaptations for over 100 years.

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Calificación: 3.7772820812628694 de 5 estrellas
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  • Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas
    4/5
    The Sign of Four means murder! Sherlock Holmes and Dr Watson accompany a beautiful young woman to a sinister assignation. Mary Morstan receives a mystery letter telling her she is a wronged woman. In order to seek justice she's to meet her unknown benefactor, bringing with her two companions. But surprise, surprise, there are others stalking in the fog of London! A one-legged ruffian has revenge on his mind - and his companions, who place no value on human life!
    This story has non-stop action and it's certainly believable (bearing in mind when it was written)- It has a really surprising ending - jewel-thieves at its best. With greed another factor, there is plenty of adventure and mystery to get you turning-over the page. There's also a destination of love for Dr Watson with Mary Morstan!
    Yes, at times it's certainly curious and intriguing.. along with its whodunit theme.
    A well written story with lots of very good description and detail. Some really great characters.


  • Calificación: 3 de 5 estrellas
    3/5
    I listened to this book for a few days on my way to/from work, which was easy to do. I hadn't heard of this story before and I'm not really surprised. It was okay, and i liked it, but I don't think I'd bother to listen to it again, or to read it.
  • Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas
    4/5
    Opens with Sherlock self-administering class-A drugs intravenously... because he's bored. How very Trainspotting. Another romp through the streets of London or rather down the Thames in this instance. A locked-room mystery instantly solved and love at first sight for Dr. Watson. Charming and fun.
  • Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas
    4/5
    Not quite the classic of Study in Scarlet or Valley of Fear, an adventure that roams to an Indian hard labour camp, where some of the inmates get involved with jewels and crooked British Officers.
  • Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas
    4/5
    3.5 Stars. Didn't enjoy this one as much as the first one.
  • Calificación: 2 de 5 estrellas
    2/5
    After being disappointed with "A Study in Scarlet", I decided to tackle a second Holmes novel in the hopes that things would improve. Sadly, they didn't. I'm not beaten yet - I'll be attempting "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes" as my next train-to-work novel - but so far, this doesn't do anything for me.

    There are some good elements here: Holmes of course is an enjoyable response to the crime fiction that existed at the time. His methods of deduction, while sometimes ponderous, are always clever. Unfortunately, there's very little else to be said for this book.

    Watson continues to be an uninteresting narrator; the supporting characters are mostly forgettable, with the exception (oddly) of the police characters, who so far I have found pleasant; and Holmes himself, as many other reviewers seem to note, is at his least likeable here. Obviously, we're supposed to be somewhat confounded by his aloof personality, but his treatment of other members of the human race is extremely off-putting. Like the 2000s versions - Dr. House, etc. - it's supposedly tempered by his desire to help the innocent and fearful, but really the fact that he only seems to have a heart for small children just leads me to assume he is a sociopath.

    And then there is the mystery itself: here, Conan Doyle reveals himself as mostly a pulp writer, it seems. Like "A Study in Scarlet", this mystery is decidedly outlandish: cannibalistic midgets, wooden legs, etc, etc. Yes it's escapism and I accept that, but the problem is these mysteries are almost tailor-made for Sherlock Holmes. No human being could possibly be expected to guess from a simple murder that it involved so many elaborate contrivances and foreign devils. It seems strange to say it, but if Holmes could instead investigate a (complex) drawing-room mystery or the like, I might be drawn into the work more, as this would require him to piece together clues within my human scope of comprehension. I'm not asking for an easy mystery, just one that has more of a human element.

    Anyway, I'll be interested to continue reading the Holmes books (although I may slow down, as I do have the rest of my life), and perhaps find out why he has become such a mythical figure!
  • Calificación: 5 de 5 estrellas
    5/5
    In Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s The Sign of Four, which is the second book featuring the famed detective Sherlock Holmes, the authors vivid imagination tells another riveting detective story. The book begins and ends with Sherlock Holmes injecting himself with cocaine simply because he is bored due to not having a murder case to occupy his mind. Readers get to know Holmes and Dr. Watson a little better in this book. The story is so detailed and well conceived that it almost seems real. I will be looking forward to the next installment in this series, The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes.
  • Calificación: 5 de 5 estrellas
    5/5
    Excellent for what it is, of course. This is the second Holmes novella, fits the formula perfectly, and is enjoyable from beginning to end. It features a locked room mystery (sort of), the usual mysteries that had their origin overseas, and even a little romantic interest for Watson. It is not quite as confounding and mysterious, nor is the solution quite as satisfying, as many of the later Holmes stories. But still excellent.
  • Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas
    4/5
    The Sign of Four brings in a lot of character development and description - we get to see Watson and Holmes' famous friendship (such as when they are led to a complete dead-end by a dog who has gotten on the wrong track) as well as find out more of Watson's personal history. I also quite like the narrative voice, as Watson can be quite the charmer at times, though occasionally melodramatic, an opinion with which I'm sure Sherlock would agree. The long exposition at the end, though it didn't drag nearly as much as Jefferson Hope's, was still a bit tedious compared to the adventures leading up to it.
  • Calificación: 2 de 5 estrellas
    2/5
    mostly of interest to me for the wildly extravagant racism and the portrayal of drug use.
  • Calificación: 3 de 5 estrellas
    3/5
    Summary: A young lady has been sent pearls. Sherlock and Watson investigate their origin, along with a cryptic letter that promises to explain all.The Take-Away: My love of the classics is two-fold: I love stories that well told even by modern standards; I love seeing how the world has changed. For instance, Sherlock Holmes was a cocaine user. When he wasn't solving mysteries, he was so bored with life, that a 7% solution was one of the two things that made life tolerable -- the other being morphine.I also love seeing how writing has changed. "Editing" the title helps me to think through what would need to be done to make it sell in today's market. Working out that muscle also helps my own writing.Sherlock isn't nearly as interesting as Watson. Sherlock is cool and undistribed, always right whereas Watson is emotional and often overlooks what Sherlock considers a clue. Indulge me a bit here: Sherlock is always right, because the author makes sure he is. If Sherlock missed a clue, here and there, like Watson often does, would the books be considered as great? Is it because Sherlock is a larger than life character that they've carried through the years?Recommendation: If you like classics, Sherlock is a great detective.
  • Calificación: 5 de 5 estrellas
    5/5
    Watson and Sherlock are back in this delicious mystery, one of only four full Sherlock novels. This one has it all and is my personal favorite. It opens with Sherlock shooting cocaine as a concerned Watson questions the addiction. Things just get better from there. We have a mysterious treasure from India passed down from father to son, murder, great disguises from Sherlock and even a bit of romance for Watson. I love that this novel gives us the full range of Sherlock’s emotions. He is obviously troubled, both when he is bored and when he is frustrated by a case. At other times he is completely joyous and playful as his mind ticks at a rapid pace, miles ahead of everyone else as he connects the dots. The relationship between Watson and Sherlock is at its best here. It’s still in its infancy in A Study in Scarlet and it’s almost completely missing in The Hound of the Baskervilles. This book captures the core of their friendship. They balance each other, Sherlock needs someone to think of the emotional side of things and Watson loves being involved in the thrill of a new case, though he wouldn’t pursue this line of work on his own. We also have Sherlock’s fussy landlady, Mrs. Hudson, who worries about her tenant and the client, Miss Mary Morstan, who catches Watson’s eye. Then there’s the Baker Street Irregulars, a ragtag group of boys who occasionally help Sherlock with his cases. The novel also has a helpful dog named Toby and some of Sherlock’s most infamous lines. You can’t go wrong with this one. BOTTOM LINE: This is definitely my favorite Sherlock Holmes novel so far. I also think it would be a great starting point for anyone who is new to Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s work. "My mind," he said, "rebels at stagnation. Give me problems, give me work, give me the most abstruse cryptogram or the most intricate analysis, and I am in my own proper atmosphere. I can dispense then with artificial stimulants. But I abhor the dull routine of existence. I crave for mental exaltation. That is why I have chosen my own particular profession, or rather created it, for I am the only one in the world." "The chief proof of man's real greatness lies in his perception of his own smallness." “No, I am not tired. I have a curious constitution. I never remember feeling tired by work, though idleness exhausts me completely." “Miss Morstan and I stood together, and her hand was in mine. A wondrous subtle thing is love, for here were we two who had never seen each other before that day, between whom no word or even look of affection had ever passed, and yet now in an hour of trouble our hands instinctively sought for each other.” “Once you eliminate the impossible, whatever remains, no matter how improbable, must be the truth.”
  • Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas
    4/5
    A quick, easy and straight-forward read. I liked how the solutions were doled out in bits & pieces as the story progressed. Sherlock Holmes remains my favorite cocaine-addicted detective. LOL!!
  • Calificación: 2 de 5 estrellas
    2/5
    Meh. Dr. Watson's romance was pretty much the only interesting thing about this particular book. At least it was short.
  • Calificación: 2 de 5 estrellas
    2/5
    Dr. Watson, maybe there are easier ways to pick up women than chasing pygmies and peg-legged people down the Thames.
  • Calificación: 3 de 5 estrellas
    3/5
    Liked the book far more than any of the screen adaptations I have seen, well worth the reading.
  • Calificación: 3 de 5 estrellas
    3/5
    I enjoyed this; though I probably laughed more - at the sexism, racism, and general ethnocentrism ingrained in the text - than Sir Arthur intended, it's an engaging, well-written little caper with some great chase scenes and iconic bits of dialogue.
  • Calificación: 3 de 5 estrellas
    3/5
    A young woman appeals to Sherlock Holmes and Dr Watson for help. During the course of the investigation, the detective and his friend are called upon to solve a locked-room murder and discover the story of the disappearance of the Agra treasure from India over twenty years ago.I believe this novella was written at the start of Conan Doyle's career, and it shows: the pacing is quite uneven, and individual plot strands are quite preposterous. Still, some of the usual Sherlock Holmes trademarks are there: the bumbling police inspector out of his depth, the use of the Baker Street irregulars, Holmes's drug use and playing of the violin, Watson being used as a sounding board for the great detective's fanciful - yet inevitably accurate - ideas. This story introduces the character of Mary Morstan, who later becomes Watson's wife, but has otherwise little to say or do, apart from being the subject of Watson's immediate adoration. One for completists.
  • Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas
    4/5
    This second novel of Holmes's adventures is a tale of stolen treasure, betrayal, and of course murder. Holmes is his usual self, driving the police absolutely mad with just how right he is all the time. One of the things that most captivates me about Sherlock Holmes's detective work is that it all takes place before the advent of fingerprinting. There are so many inferences he would never need to make today if he could show who touched what. Anyway, back to the story. The plot was pleasantly complex. Watson's romance was adorable. My favorite part, though, was when the pair found themselves on the wrong trail and suddenly burst into laughter. While I certainly enjoy witnessing Holmes's amazing (and often unlikely) feats of deduction and inference, its his friendship with Watson that truly makes the stories come alive.
  • Calificación: 5 de 5 estrellas
    5/5
    Excellent for what it is, of course. This is the second Holmes novella, fits the formula perfectly, and is enjoyable from beginning to end. It features a locked room mystery (sort of), the usual mysteries that had their origin overseas, and even a little romantic interest for Watson. It is not quite as confounding and mysterious, nor is the solution quite as satisfying, as many of the later Holmes stories. But still excellent.
  • Calificación: 3 de 5 estrellas
    3/5
    A client walks in and Watson falls in love. At the end there is a long section with Jonathan Smalls back story leading up to the case.
  • Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas
    4/5
    This was my second Sherlock Holmes book and I enjoyed it as much as the first. This book introduces us to Holmes' cocaine habit, and Watson meets a girl he likes, so it was nice to have that type of character development. The way Holmes uses logic to solve the crime of the story is again interesting and fun to read. I also liked the bit of history mixed into the story - this time dealing with British rule in India. A quick read and I will continue to read the Holmes' stories in the future.
  • Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas
    4/5
    Things I learned in this book: Watson is way more appealing a character, much of the time, than Holmes. The wrestling really is part of his character. So is the cocaine. Holmes is really irritating when he refuses to share his ideas.

    It's funny reading reviews, because there are wildly differing ideas about whether this one is any good or not. Some say yes, some cry no. I enjoyed it well enough, and I thought the structure of it was better than A Study In Scarlet, with a decent transition into the flashback bit. I wasn't really expecting that to be such an important bit of the book -- it took up a decent chunk of it! -- and I wonder if all of them are like that. I shall find out anon, I imagine.

    I'm also interested that, of the two of them, Sherlock Holmes is the bigger icon, and yet Watson is rather more likeable. His "romance" with Mary Morstan isn't exactly subtle, but there's something about his frankness about how she distracts him and enchants him which is touching and nice.
  • Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas
    4/5
    Having already read The Hound of the Baskervilles, I turned to another one of the published Holmes novels, The Sign of Four, in part because it is available in a Penguin Classics edition. Felicitously, I found it to be one of the best detective novels of its time.The story is wonderfully paced with plenty of excitement, from chasing down the criminals through the use of a dog to another appearance by the Baker Street irregulars, and a thrilling boat chase for the climax of the story. More than a century after it was first written, the novel shows little sign of its age. The Sign of Four is well-paced, exciting, and even action packed story. It represents Doyle at his finest in many ways. The mystery is somewhat bizarre with its use of exotic weapons and strange footprints, but not too outre as seemed to be the case in some of the later Holmes stories such as "The Creeping Man." As is often the case it involves a young woman, with the added attraction of a treasure making the case even more interesting.I think that while in Study in Scarlet, we learned about Holmes, in this book we begin to see Holmes' personality: the genius who is so driven to avoid hum drum existence, who seeks problems and trouble to find some problem to keep his attention. The novel is also noteworthy for its focus on Holmes' use of Cocaine in the beginning and end. Dr. Watson (and by extension Dr. Doyle) were concerned about the use of Cocaine in the late 19th Century and its negative effects. However, Doyle wasn't heavy handed in his approach, and so Watson's concern sounds more like a modern doctor's concern with any popular addiction. And Holmes is blaise about it, leading to some interactions and statement that may seem surreal or humorous to the modern reader.
  • Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas
    4/5
    This is the second Sherlock Holmes novel. I was surprised to find that Holmes was already using cocaine this early in the series. I had been told in class that Conan Doyle had introduced Holmes' drug use in order to make him less likable, because he didn't wish to continue writing about him. That seems an unlikely motive for the second published work, so I guess I can throw that theory out the window.The client in this story is Mary Morstan, whose father disappeared under mysterious circumstances and who is now receiving very strange letters from an anonymous benefactor. This is learned to be Thaddeus Sholto, whose father had hidden a treasure that Miss Morstan's father also had a claim to. The treasure is located by Thaddeus Shoto's brother Benjamin, and when Holmes, Watson and Miss Morstan go with Thaddeus to his brother's home, they find Benjamin dead inside a locked bedroom with the windows all locked shut. Homes deduces the means of the killers' entry and exit and uses a dog to follow the trail, as well as his Baker Street Irregulars. He even uses a disguise to do a bit of snooping himself. This, of course, is what pays off. Once the killer is caught, he relates his whole tale to Holmes, Watson, and Inspector Athelny Jones.There is a bit of a love story in this one too: Watson and Mary fall in love and are engaged by the end of the book. Holmes sighs at Watson's decision to marry since love is so illogical, but he pays Mary the compliment in saying that she "had a decided genius in that way," meaning in investigative work. Quite high praise coming from him.I thoroughly enjoyed this book and am looking forward to reading the next in the series.
  • Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas
    4/5
    This was very weird compared to the previous Holmes book I read. Less Mormon-hating, more racism. Also, what with reading The Mad Ship and watching Muppet Treasure Island recently, I feel like everything I see is about how one-legged men are evil. :s
  • Calificación: 3 de 5 estrellas
    3/5
    Similar to the first full length Holmes novel, The Sign of Four lets us get to know more about Sherlock Holmes through the unraveling of an intricate case. It gives a greater glimpse into Holmes’ drug habit and his pompous and abrasive personality. This time, Holmes and Watson are presented with a mystery at least ten years in the making when a young woman approaches Holmes with a story of her father who vanished ten years ago and her subsequent receipt of precious jewels and now an invitation to meet someone who promises to shed light on the mystery.Many times through the story, Holmes makes it a point to say that he has a number of theories but doesn’t want to expound on any of them until he has the appropriate facts. Contrary to Holmes’ abundance of theories, the reader walks alongside Watson in confusion as more and more diverse elements pile up without having any clear indication as to their relationship to one another or to the central case. What starts off as the hope of solving a decade old disappearance turns into a case of murder and grand larceny as the crew stumbles upon a corpse and a missing treasure. As the case grows more intricate Holmes annoyingly goes “off stage” a few times to work on some of his own theories. I found these moments annoying because Watson remains in Baker Street waiting for Holmes and as a result we only get a few sentences of explanation as to these elements of Holmes’ adventures or investigations. Some of these moments involve moments of disguise and subterfuge. It’s entirely possible, based on some of the other elements in this book and the previous novel, Study in Scarlet, that these scenes were deemed to be too dull for inclusion and if that is the case then I applaud Conan Doyle for leaving them out. Still, part of me wanted to see more of Holmes in action rather than Holmes in narrative. As the mystery wraps up and we reach the conclusion, we once again receive a lengthy narrative retelling a story that happened decades prior. I found this story a bit more interesting to read than the story told at the end of Study in Scarlet, but I was still a little bored by the lengthy narrative. Much of the action and intrigue of the story was boiled down to its most basic elements or left out entirely as the narrator simply presented the base facts from memory. The overall concept of this particular mystery was fairly intriguing and I liked the way that it played out. I found myself liking this novel slightly better than the first Holmes story but still felt a little underwhelmed as to the overall style and structure. The nature of his intelligent deductions is fun and while his character is abrasive, I enjoy getting to know more about Holmes. A solid sequel.***3 out of 5 stars
  • Calificación: 3 de 5 estrellas
    3/5
    My first Sherlock Holmes read. The characters of Holmes and Watson were more fun than I imagined they'd be! But, the story got over-long, even tho the book itself is tiny.
  • Calificación: 4 de 5 estrellas
    4/5
    This one had a lot of the dated language and imagery I'd expect from a Victorian novel unfortunately, so be aware of that going in. Colonialism was strong here. Besides that it had something that I think a lot of the short stories lack, and I really found that fun. The 'high speed boat chase' was absolutely hilarious to me, though I enjoyed it. After reading Lindsey Faye's Sherlock shorts now I'm seeing the constant romanticized descriptions of women and it's just so over the top and ridiculous. I did like seeing Watson and Mary's relationship though, that was very cute. Sadly the mystery in this one was not very mysterious, I was a bit bummed on how simple it worked out to be. Ah well!
  • Calificación: 2 de 5 estrellas
    2/5
    Interesting enough story about lost and stolen treasure, interesting characters, poison arrow darts, brilliant deductions, and even some romance for Dr. Watson. Even the First time in the classic Holmes that I recall hearing of his drug use.Normally I love Sherlock Holmes but this one just drug on for me. I'm going to blame it in part of the Audio, the music in between scenes just didn't do it for and I'm guessing I just wasn't in the right frame of mind for some classic Holmes.

Vista previa del libro

Sherlock Holmes - El signo de los cuatro - Arthur Conan Doyle

Indice

Capítulo I – La deducción elevada a la categoría de ciencia

Capítulo II – Exposición del asunto

Capítulo III – En busca de una solución

Capítulo IV – El relato del hombre calvo

Capítulo V – El drama de Pabellón Pondicherry

Capítulo VI – Teoría de Sherlock Holmes

Capítulo VII – El incidente del tonel

Capítulo VIII – Los voluntarios de Baker Street

Capítulo IX – En Kalta

Capítulo X – Cómo pereció el insular de Andaman

Capítulo XI – El tesoro de Agra

Capítulo XII – La extraña historia de Jonathan Small

Pie de Imprenta

Capítulo I – La deducción elevada a la categoría de ciencia

Sherlock Holmes cogió el frasco sobre la chimenea y sacó una jeringa pravaz de un cajoncito. Ajustó la delicada aguja con sus largos, blancos y nerviosos dedos y se remangó la manga izquierda de la camisa. Durante unos momentos, sus ojos pensativos se posaron en el fibroso antebrazo y en la muñeca, marcados por las cicatrices de innumerables pinchazos. Por último, clavó la afilada punta, apretó el minúsculo émbolo y se echó hacia atrás, hundiéndose en la butaca tapizada de terciopelo con un largo suspiro de consuelo.

Desde hacia algunos meses habia presenciando esta escena tres veces al día, pero la costumbre no había logrado que mi mente la aceptara. Por el contrario, cada día me irritaba más contemplarla, y todas las noches me remordía la conciencia al pensar que me faltaba valor para protestar. Una y otra vez me hacía el propósito de decir lo que pensaba del asunto, pero había algo en los modales fríos y despreocupados de mi compañero que lo convertía en el último hombre con el que uno querría tomarse algo parecido a una libertad.

Su enorme talento, su actitud dominante y la experiencia que yo tenía de sus muchas y extraordinarias cualidades me impedían decidirme a enfrentarme con él.

Sin embargo, aquella tarde, tal vez a causa del beaune que había bebido en la comida, o tal vez por la irritación adicional que me produjo lo descarado de su conducta, sentí de pronto que ya no podía aguantar más.

––¿Qué ha sido hoy? ––pregunté––. ¿Morfina o cocaína?. Holmes levantó con languidez la mirada del viejo volumen de caracteres góticos que acababa de abrir.

––Cocaína ––dijo––, disuelta al siete por ciento. ¿Le apetece probarla?

––Desde luego que no ––respondí con brusquedad––. Mi organismo aún no se ha recuperado de la campaña de Afganistán y no puedo permitirme someterlo a más presiones.

Mi vehemencia le hizo sonreír.

––Tal vez tenga razón, Watson ––dijo––. Supongo que su efecto físico es malo. Sin embargo, la encuentro tan trascendentalmente estimulante y esclarecedora para la mente que ese efecto secundario tiene poca importancia.

––¡Pero piense en ello! ––dije yo con ardor––. ¡Calcule lo que le cuesta! Es posible que, como usted dice, le estimule y aclare el cerebro, pero se trata de un proceso patológico y morboso, que va alterando cada vez más los tejidos y puede acabar dejándole con debilidad permanente. Y además, ya sabe qué mala reacción le provoca. La verdad es que la ganancia no compensa la inversión. ¿Por qué tiene que arriesgarse, por un simple placer momentáneo, a perder esas grandes facultades de las que ha sido dotado? Recuerde que no le hablo sólo de camarada a camarada, sino como médico a una persona de cuya condición física es, en cierto modo, responsable.

No pareció ofendido. Por el contrario, juntó las puntas de los dedos y apoyó los codos en los brazos de la butaca, como si disfrutara con la conversación.

––Mi mente ––dijo–– se rebela contra el estancamiento. Deme problemas, deme trabajo, deme el criptograma más abstruso o el análisis más intrincado, y me sentiré en mi ambiente. Entonces podré prescindir de estímulos artificiales. Pero me horroriza la aburrida rutina de la existencia. Tengo ansias de exaltación mental. Por eso elegí mi profesión, o, mejor dicho, la inventé, puesto que soy el único del mundo.

––¿El único investigador particular? ––dije yo, alzando las cejas.

––El único investigador particular con consulta ––replicó––. En el campo de la investigación, soy el último y el más alto tribunal de apelación. Cada vez que Gregson, o Lestrade, o Athelney Jones se encuentran desorientados (que, por cierto, es su estado normal), me plantean a mí el asunto. Yo examino los datos en calidad de experto y emito una opinión de especialista. En estos casos no reclamo ningún crédito. Mi nombre no aparece en los periódicos. Mi mayor recompensa es el trabajo mismo, el placer de encontrar un campo al que aplicar mis facultades. Pero usted ya ha tenido ocasión de observar mis métodos de trabajo en el caso de Jefferson Hope.

––Es verdad ––dije cordialmente––. Nada me ha impresionado tanto en toda mi vida. Hasta lo he recogido en un pequeño folleto, con el título algo fantástico de Estudio en escarlata.

Holmes meneó la cabeza con aire triste.

––Lo miré por encima ––dijo––. Sinceramente, no puedo felicitarle por ello. La investigación es, o debería ser, una ciencia exacta, y se la debe tratar del mismo modo frío y sin emoción. Usted ha intentado darle un matiz romántico, con lo que se obtiene el mismo efecto que si se insertara una historia de amor o una fuga de enamorados en el quinto postulado de Euclides.

––Pero es que lo romántico estaba ahí ––repliqué––. Yo no podía alterar los hechos.

––Algunos hechos hay que suprimirlos o, al menos, hay que mantener un cierto sentido de la proporción al tratarlos. El único aspecto del caso que merecía ser mencionado era el curioso razonamiento analítico, de los efectos a las causas, que me permitió desentrañarlo.

Me molestó aquella crítica de una obra que había sido concebida expresamente para agradarle. Confieso también que me irritó el egoísmo con el que parecía exigir que hasta la última frase de mi folleto estuviera dedicada a sus actividades personales. Más de una vez, durante los años que llevaba viviendo con él en Baker Street, había observado que bajo los modales tranquilos y didácticos de mi compañero se ocultaba un cierto grado de vanidad. Sin embargo, no hice ningún comentario y me quedé sentado, cuidando de mi pierna herida. Una bala de jezad la había atravesado tiempo atrás y, aunque no me impedía caminar, me dolía insistentemente cada vez que el tiempo cambiaba.

––Últimamente, he extendido mis actividades al Continente ––dijo Holmes al cabo de un rato, mientras llenaba su vieja pipa de raíz de brezo––. La semana pasada me consultó Francois le Villard, que, como probablemente sabrá, ha saltado recientemente a la primera fila de los investigadores franceses. Posee toda la rápida intuición de los celtas, pero le falta la amplia gama de conocimientos exactos que son imprescindibles para desarrollar los aspectos más elevados de su arte. Se trataba de un caso relacionado con un testamento, y presentaba algunos detalles interesantes. Pude indicarle dos casos similares, uno en Riga en 1857 y otro en Saint Louis en 1871, que le sugirieron la solución correcta. Y esta mañana he recibido carta suya, agradeciéndome mi ayuda.

Mientras hablaba me pasó una hoja arrugada de papel de carta extranjero.

Eché un vistazo por encima y capté una profusión de signos de admiración, con ocasionales magnifiques, coups de maître y tours de force repartidos por aquí y por allá, que daban testimonio de la ferviente admiración del francés.

––Le habla como un discípulo a su maestro ––dije. ––¡Bah!, le concede demasiado valor a mi ayuda ––dijo Sherlock Holmes sin darle importancia––. Él mismo tiene unas dotes considerables. Posee dos de las tres facultades necesarias para el detective ideal: la capacidad de observación y la de deducción. Sólo le faltan conocimientos, y eso se puede adquirir con el tiempo. Ahora está traduciendo mis obras al francés.

––¿Sus obras?

––¡Ah!, ¿no lo sabía? ––exclamó, echándose a reír––. Pues sí, soy culpable de varias monografías. Todas ellas sobre temas técnicos. Aquí, por ejemplo, tengo una: Sobre las diferencias entre las cenizas de los diversos tabacos. En ella cito ciento cuarenta clases de cigarros, cigarrillos y tabacos de pipa, con láminas en color que ilustran las diferencias entre sus cenizas. Es un detalle que surge constantemente en los procesos criminales, y que a veces tiene una importancia suprema como pista. Si, por ejemplo, podemos asegurar sin lugar a dudas que el autor de un crimen fue un individuo que fumaba lunkah indio, está claro que el campo de búsqueda se estrecha mucho. Para el ojo experto, existe tanta diferencia entre la ceniza negra de un Trichinopoly y la ceniza blanca y esponjosa de un «ojo de perdiz» como entre una lechuga y una patata.

––Tiene usted un talento extraordinario para las minucias ––comenté.

––Sé apreciar su importancia. Aquí tiene mi monografía sobre las huellas de pisadas, con algunos comentarios acerca del empleo de escayola para conservar las impresiones. Y aquí hay una curiosa obrita sobre la influencia de los oficios en la forma de las manos, con litografías de manos de pizarreros, marineros, cortadores de corcho, cajistas de imprenta, tejedores y talladores de diamantes. Es un tema de gran importancia práctica para el detective científico, sobre todo en casos de cadáveres no identificados, y también para averiguar el historial de los delincuentes. Pero le estoy aburriendo con mis aficiones.

––Nada de eso ––respondí con vehemencia––. Me interesa mucho, y más habiendo tenido la oportunidad de observar cómo lo aplica a la práctica. Pero hace un momento hablaba usted de observación y deducción. Supongo que, en cierto modo, la una lleva implícita la otra.

––Ni mucho menos ––respondió, arrellanándose cómodamente en su butaca y emitiendo con su pipa espesas volutas azuladas––. Por ejemplo, la observación me indica que esta mañana ha estado usted en la oficina de Correos de Wigmore Street, y gracias a la deducción se que allí puso un telegrama.

––¡Exacto! ––dije yo––. Ha acertado en las dos cosas. Pero confieso que no entiendo cómo ha llegado a saberlo. Fue un impulso súbito que tuve, y no se lo he comentado a nadie.

––Es la sencillez misma ––dijo él, riéndose por lo bajo de mi sorpresa––. Tan ridículamente sencillo que sobra toda explicación. Aun así, puede servirnos para definir los límites de la observación y la deducción. La observación me dice que lleva usted un pegotito rojizo pegado al borde de la suela. Justo delante de la oficina de Correos de Wigmore Street han levantado el pavimento y han esparcido algo de tierra, de tal modo que resulta difícil no pisarla al entrar. La tierra tiene ese peculiar tono rojizo que, por lo que yo sé, no se encuentra en ninguna otra parte del barrio. Hasta aquí llega la observación. Lo demás es deducción.

––¿Y cómo dedujo lo del telegrama?

––Pues, para empezar, sabía que no había escrito una carta, porque estuve sentado frente a usted toda la mañana. Además, su escritorio está abierto y veo que tiene usted un pliego de sellos y un grueso fajo de tarjetas postales. Así pues, ¿a qué iba a entrar en la oficina de Correos si no era para enviar un telegrama? Una vez eliminadas todas las demás posibilidades, la única que queda tiene que ser la verdadera.

––En este caso es así, desde luego ––repliqué yo, tras pensármelo un poco–. Sin embargo, como usted mismo ha dicho, se trata de un asunto de lo más sencillo. ¿Me consideraría impertinente si sometiera sus teorías a una prueba más estricta?

––Al contrario ––respondió él––. Eso me evitará tener que tomar una segunda dosis de cocaína. Estaré encantado de considerar cualquier problema que usted me plantee.

––Le he oído decir que es muy difícil que un hombre use un objeto todos los días sin dejar en él la huella de su personalidad, de manera que un observador experto puede leerla. Pues bien, aquí tengo un reloj que ha llegado a mi poder hace poco tiempo. ¿Tendría la amabilidad de darme su opinión sobre el carácter y las costumbres de su antiguo propietario?

Le entregué el reloj con un ligero sentimiento interno de regocijo, ya que, en mi opinión, la prueba era imposible de superar y con ella me proponía darle una lección ante el tono algo dogmático que adoptaba de vez en cuando. Holmes sopesó el reloj en la mano, observó atentamente la esfera, abrió la tapa posterior y examinó el engranaje, primero a simple vista y luego con ayuda de una potente lupa. No pude evitar sonreír al ver su expresión abatida cuando, por fin, cerró la tapa y me lo devolvió.

––Apenas hay ningún dato ––dijo––. Este reloj lo han limpiado hace poco, lo cual me priva de los indicios más sugerentes.

––Tiene razón ––respondí––. Lo limpiaron antes de enviármelo.

En mi fuero interno, acusé a mi compañero de esgrimir una

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